A scintillation detectorsisixhobo esisetyenziselwa ukukhangela nokulinganisa imitha ye-ionizing njengemitha ye-gamma kunye ne-X-reyi.
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-ascintillation detectorinokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. Izinto ze-scintillation: I-detector yenziwe nge-scintillation crystals okanye i-liquid scintillator.Ezi zixhobo zinepropati yokukhanyisa ukukhanya xa zivuyiswa yi-ionizing radiation.
2. I-radiation yesiganeko: Xa i-ionizing radiation isebenzisana ne-scintillation imathiriyeli, idlulisela amandla ayo kumaqokobhe e-electron e-athomu kwizinto eziphathekayo.
3. I-excitation kunye no-de-excitation: Amandla adluliselwe kwigobolondo le-electron abangela ukuba ii-athomu okanye ii-athomu kwizinto ze-scintillation zibe yimincili.Iiathom okanye iimolekyuli ezichulumancisayo emva koko zibuyela ngokukhawuleza kwimeko yazo yomhlaba, zikhupha amandla angaphezulu ngendlela yeefotoni.
4. Isizukulwana sokukhanya: Iifotoni ezikhutshiweyo zikhutshwa macala onke, zenza ukukhanya kokukhanya ngaphakathi kwesixhobo se-scintillation.
5. Ukubona ukukhanya: Iifotoni ezikhutshiweyo emva koko zifunyenwe yi-photodetector, njenge-photomultiplier tube (PMT) okanye i-silicon photomultiplier tube (SiPM).Ezi zixhobo ziguqula iifotoni ezingenayo zibe yimiqondiso yombane.
6. Ukwandiswa kweSignali: Isibonakaliso sombane esiveliswa yi-photodetector sandisiwe ukuze sandise ukuqina kwayo.
7. Ukulungiswa komqondiso kunye nohlalutyo: Isignali yombane eyandisiweyo icutshungulwa kwaye ihlalutywe ngeesekethe ze-elektroniki.Oku kunokubandakanya ukuguqula iimpawu ze-analog kwiisignali zedijithali, ukubala inani leefotoni ezifunyenweyo, ukulinganisa amandla azo kunye nokurekhoda idatha.
Ngokulinganisa ubunzulu kunye nobude besibane esiveliswa ngu-scintillation detector, iimpawu zemitha yesiganeko, njengamandla ayo, ukuqina, kunye nexesha lokufika, zinokumiselwa.Olu lwazi lunokusetyenziswa kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo kwimifanekiso yezonyango, kwizityalo zamandla enyukliya, esweni lokusingqongileyo, nokunye.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-16-2023